Anthropological difference refers to what, if anything, marks the distinction between humans and non-human animals. Human beings have been traditionally granted an exceptional, distinctive status based on their capacity for rationality, a conception of anthropological difference going back to Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas (Glock, 2012). An extension of this human exceptionalism pervades much of the work that re-conceptualized the role of technology within philosophy over the course of the 20th Century. Given modern ethological research showing the prevalence of tool use in non-human animals (de Waal, 2016), how do prominent philosophies of technology interpret and incorporate anthropological difference, and how might they be re-evaluated? This presentation will review the shape and scope of such anthropological difference in four prominent philosophers representing major strains of modern technological philosophy: Heidegger’s ontological exploration of the essence of technology and his famous description of animals being “world-poor” (Heidegger, 1995); Bernard Stiegler’s post Heideggerian situation of technology at the heart of anthropological difference (Stiegler, 1998); Bruno Latour and Science and Technology Studies’ re-evaluation of the agency of non-humans (Latour,  2004); and the post-phenomenological study of animal tool-use in the work of Dan Ihde and Malafouris Lambros (Ihde & Lambros, 2019). To conclude this review of technological philosophy and anthropological difference, I would like to argue that the work of Yuk Hui, synthesizing much of the above, offers a promising framework for reconceptualizing human-animal relations and the role of technology therein with his notion of planetary thinking (Hui, 2024). The philosophy of technology, thus construed, can cease to explain technology in terms of anthropological differences but can use technology as a conceptual tool for challenging anthropological differences.